The intake of alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine is increasing among of modern persons. All three substances are toxic and bring about side effects and disease. Especially, alcohol is known to be a carcinogen. However, almost no one knows about these substances’ maleficence. Therefore, the Pharos will talk about how detrimental these things are.

 First of all, let’s talk about the maleficence of alcohol. There are two kinds of alcohol, methyl (wood) alcohol and ethyl (grain) alcohol, and drinkable alcohol is ethyl alcohol. Hyperingestion of ethyl alcohol causes gastroenteric trouble. Also, the World Health Organization designated ethyl alcohol as a first rate carcinogen. Oral cancer, laryngopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophagus cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer are kinds of cancers that are caused by alcohol. Alcohol especially attacks the liver. Excessive alcohol intake resulting fatty liver, and the metabolism of alcohol hurts liver cells. As alcohol intake increases, liver cells can’t process it and this causes a lack of nutrition in the body, and this leads to liver disease. Alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis are kinds of liver disease caused by consuming alcoholic drinks. Alcohol is very harmful, but many persons consume a lot because of a low awareness of the dangers associated with it.

 Nicotine is a maleficent substance related to cigarettes. The biggest problems of nicotine are addiction and dependence. There is only one typical method of taking in nicotine, and that is smoking. The addictive property of nicotine leads to repeating smoking, so it results in the intake of a lot toxic substances related to cigarettes. Vomiting, dizziness and headaches are common side effects of nicotine. Also, nicotine has an effect on the brain. It acts as a stimulant and sedative like caffeine, and it is the cause of addiction among cigarette smokers. Nicotine produces high blood pressure by stimulating contraction of peripheral blood vessels and makes hardening of the arteries worse by increasing cholesterol. It provokes digestive trouble and is a cause of chronic lung disease and respiratory disease.

 Caffeine is a substance that a lot of people consume to increase wakefulness. Consciousness of the dangers of nicotine and alcohol is growing through public advertisements and education, but that of caffeine is very low. However, though public awareness of the dangers of caffeine is low, it is just as maleficent as the above two substances. First, it brings about heart disease by elevation of blood pressure and pulsation which attack the heart muscle. Second, it causes a serious lack of minerals like natrium, kalium, and chlorine through a diuretic effect. Third, it can result in an infection because of excess acid in the stomach if there is a small injury in the digestive organs, and block water absorption in the small intestine, which causes stomachaches and diarrhea. Last, the biggest problem of caffeine, addiction, will appear if you take in more than 250-500mg of the substance in a day. It produces side effects like headaches, sleeplessness, and hypersensitivity. Also, it has withdrawal symptoms, and the effects are anxiety, tiredness, and melancholy.

 It is best to avoid all three substances, but it is very difficult for modern people to do this. In addition, since all three substances are highly addictive, people who are already addicted can experience withdrawal symptoms during intake and inhalation interruptions. However, they should reduce their intake and absorption to a minimum with an awareness of their harmfulness. Therefore, it is hoped that you will be able to identify your own consumption patterns and avoid major diseases by consuming only a certain amount of these dangerous substances.